End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

It is time to rethink how we grow, share and consume our food.

If done right, agriculture, forestry and fisheries can provide nutritious food for all and generate decent incomes, while supporting people-centred rural development and protecting the environment.

Right now, our soils, freshwater, oceans, forests and biodiversity are being rapidly degraded. Climate change is putting even more pressure on the resources we depend on, increasing risks associated with disasters such as droughts and floods. Many rural women and men can no longer make ends meet on their land, forcing them to migrate to cities in search of opportunities.

A profound change of the global food and agriculture system is needed if we are to nourish today’s 815 million hungry and the additional 2 billion people expected by 2050.

The food and agriculture sector offers key solutions for development, and is central for hunger and poverty eradication.

Facts and Figures

Hunger

Globally, one in nine people in the world today (815 million) are undernourished
The majority of the world’s hungry people live in developing countries, where 12.9 per cent of the population is undernourished.
Asia is the continent with the hungriest people – two thirds of the total. The percentage in southern Asia has fallen in recent years but in western Asia it has increased slightly.
Southern Asia faces the greatest hunger burden, with about 281 million undernourished people. In sub-Saharan Africa, projections for the 2014-2016 period indicate a rate of undernourishment of almost 23 per cent.
Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45 per cent) of deaths in children under five – 3.1 million children each year.
One in four of the world’s children suffer stunted growth. In developing countries, the proportion can rise to one in three.
66 million primary school-age children attend classes hungry across the developing world, with 23 million in Africa alone.

Food security

Agriculture is the single largest employer in the world, providing livelihoods for 40 per cent of today’s global population. It is the largest source of income and jobs for poor rural households.
500 million small farms worldwide, most still rainfed, provide up to 80 per cent of food consumed in a large part of the developing world. Investing in smallholder women and men is an important way to increase food security and nutrition for the poorest, as well as food production for local and global markets.
Since the 1900s, some 75 per cent of crop diversity has been lost from farmers’ fields. Better use of agricultural biodiversity can contribute to more nutritious diets, enhanced livelihoods for farming communities and more resilient and sustainable farming systems.
If women farmers had the same access to resources as men, the number of hungry in the world could be reduced by up to 150 million.
4 billion people have no access to electricity worldwide – most of whom live in rural areas of the developing world. Energy poverty in many regions is a fundamental barrier to reducing hunger and ensuring that the world can produce enough food to meet future demand.

Space-based Technologies for SDG 2

Soil conditions, water availability, weather extremes and climate changes can affect agriculture and food security. Space technologies provide weather data for agricultural planning, helping to boost productivity and mitigate the effects of food shortages.
UNOOSA’s capacity building activities help member states use space technology for more productive agriculture. Read more here.

SDG 2 Targets

Graphic displaying stable food commodity markets and timely access to information

Graphic displaying the universal access to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round

Graphic displaying the end to all forms of malnutrition

Graphic displaying the doubling of productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers

Graphic displaying sustainable food production and resilient agricultural practices

Graphic displaying the maintenance of genetic diversity in seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their related wild species

Graphic displaying investment in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology and gene banks

Graphic displaying the prevention of agricultural trade restrictions, market distortions and export subsidies

Learn more about the SDGs

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